PORADNIK JĘZYKOWY

ISSUE 10 / 2015

ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS

  • Stanisław Cygan : Three nineteenth-century dialect dictionaries from Małopolska Region

    The paper describes three regional dictionaries from the north-central region of Małopolska (Lesser Poland) by Oskar Kolberg, Father Władysław Siarkowski and Zygmunt Wasilewski. They contain records of the nineteenth-century lexicon from individual villages (Jaksice, Koszyce gmina, Pińczów powiat, Kielce Governorate), or larger areas: Kielce Region (environs of Pińczów), and Sandomierz Region. The lexical material was collected around the same time – in the period 1865-1895.

    When characterising sets of words, the following

    issues are taken into consideration: a) the time of creating the glossariesy; b) the volume; c) the territorial reach; d) the macrostructure of the dictionaries; e) the microstructure of the dictionaries.

    The lexical material contained in the dictionaries is primarily a source of knowledge about the oldest state of Małopolska dialects (more precisely, the north-central region of Małopolska), a source of research of Polish dialects in general, but it also gives an insight into the techniques used by unqualified lexicographers, enthusiasts, hobbyists, admirers of folk artefacts, whose activities helped preserve the speech of residents of rural areas and save it from oblivion at times when Poland was not an independent country.

  • Katarzyna Sobolewska : Słownik warmiński (Warmia dictionary) by Wiktor Steffen 30 years later. The idea, the method and the content
    This paper recalls a regional dictionary of Warmia dialect issued 30 years ago. It brings its author closer to the reader, discloses his goals, critically reconstructs a lexicographic description method. The assets of the dictionary are discerned in its cultural contents related to the reality of life in Warmia of the old days, which are visible in the choice of entries, citations and their contexts. The image of the traditional Warmia culture, which was described by the autochthon after it had disappeared, is composed among others by: colloquialness, expressiveness and familiarity of linguistic devices, their strong emotional markedness, intimacy, inclination for unambiguous and strict evaluations, a practical attitude to the reality, the criterion of professionality and diligence as the basis for evaluating people. An attentive reader will also notice the author’s powerful trace in Słownik warmiński (Dictionary of Warmia), namely numerous references to his biography, experiences and interests.
  • Janusz Siatkowski : On Slavic-German linguistic contacts
    Slavic influences on the German language are normally unknown to the Polish society. Yet the relevant literature is relatively rich and the influences are significant in quantitative terms. Although not many Slavic borrowings have been acquired by general German, there are quite a lot of ones which have a broad regional reach and the highest number of such words are recorder in individual German dialects in areas adjacent to Slavic languages. Apart from the selected general German borrowings and ones with a broad regional reach, I point here mainly to Polish borrowings occurring in old German dialects in former East Prussia.
  • Katarzyna Urbaniak : Expressive personal names in Warsaw dialect and their presence in the contemporary colloquial Polish language

    This paper is dedicated to an analysis of contemporary colloquial Polish in terms of presence of personal names in Warsaw dialect as well as to a comparison of the meanings of the examined lexemes over time.

    The study consisted in selecting personal names from Słownik gwary warszawskiej XIX w. (Dictionary of the 19th-century Warsaw dialect) by Bronisław Wieczorkiewicz, grouping them into semantic fields and investigating which of them are present in selected contemporary lexicographic sources. Definitions of the examined words from SGW were compared to their meanings in contemporary sources in order to assess which semantic changes had occurred over time. The analysed lexical material was used also for outlining the linguistic worldview characteristic of speakers of Warsaw dialect.

    What follows from the analysis of the material is that more than half of the lexemes selected from SGW have been used in colloquial Polish to date, with the majority of them having an unchanged or insignificantly changed meaning.

  • Marta Tittenbrun : Manifestations of the trend for brevity in the sociolect of amateur runners

    This paper presents one of the aspects of research on the environmental and professional language of amateur runners. The manifestations of the trend for brevity in the group’s sociolect presented in the text are related not only with lexis but also with non-dictionary phenomena. What is noticeable in the language of runners is processes of eponym appellativisation, application of a specific syntactic model, and – as regards word formation – frequent univerbation and negative derivation as well as formation of acronyms (instead of their two- or three-word bases). This paper contains numerous examples derived from a dictionary created in the course of the research, which gathers units excerpted from the heard utterances of runners and their posts on blogs.

    Brevity in the sociolect of amateur runners is aimed at simplifying and accelerating the communication process although this is the case mainly with those who are wellestablished in this social group.

  • Marta Piasecka : The linguistic situation of Poles in Norway
    The subject of this paper is the linguistic situation of Poles living in Norway and the language of the youth of Polish descent, in particular persons born in Norway in Polish-Norwegian or Polish families. It is presented against the national and linguistic situation in that country. National minorities and their languages as well as immigrant minorities and applicable laws on education in those languages are described. Subsequently, data regarding Polish emigration to Norway and results of the research conducted among students of Polish schools in Oslo on the Polish language used by them are presented. The research concerned the scope to which they use Polish, their attitude to the language, and the development of Polish being in contact with Norwegian.

POLISH GRAMMAR

  • Anna Just : Krótka i zwięzła niemiecko-polska gramatyka (A brief and concise German-Polish grammar) by Johann Christian Krumbholz – a triad in one work: Polish grammar, Polish-German dictionary, practice and a phrasebook

REPORTS, NOTICES, POLEMICS

  • Beata Ciecierska-Zajdel : A report on the Polish nationwide logopaedics conference “Metody i techniki terapii logopedycznej. Od teorii do praktyki” (“Speech therapy methods and techniques. From theory to practice”), Warsaw, 11–13 September 2015

REVIEWS

  • Justyna Garczyńska : Co wieś, to inna pieśń. Słownik gwary Bukówca Górnego w Wielkopolsce i regionu Spisza w Małopolsce (Different village, different song. A dictionary of Bukówiec Górny dialect and Spisz region in Małopolska), Kraków 2014
  • Pavlo Levchuk : Ewa Golachowska, Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku (How do you talk to God? Multilingualism of Catholics at the turn of the 21st century), Warsaw 2012

EXPLANATIONS OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

  • Marcin Zabawa : Polityka (policy), oficer (officer), organizator (organiser), komercyjny (commercial), recepcja (reception) – new neosemantisms in the Polish language

WORDS AND PHRASES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

  • Jadwiga Latusek : An overview of Polish linguistic works and journals published in 2014