PORADNIK JĘZYKOWY

ISSUE 7 / 2013

ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS

  • Mirosław Skarżyński : Recollection of Karol Appel. Biographic contributions
    This paper is dedicated to Karol Appel (1857–1930), a today forgotten self-taught linguist and language theoretician from Warsaw, who shared Baudouin de Courtenay’s and the Kazan School’s views. The author complements the already known information with new facts derived from sources and literature that have never been used before as well as from Appel’s letters to Henryk Ułaszyn.
  • Elżbieta Sękowska : On the academic style – beginnings of the linguistic review

    This paper analyses ten-odd linguistic reviews from a number of periodicals from the period 1895-1937 for the purpose of separating the characteristics of this academic genre. The following determinants are identified: dialogism, evaluation, various types of metatextual indicators, use of impersonal forms, orientation on the recipient, polite forms, terminological lexis, erudite elements.

    The reviews pursued different textual patterns: a review-report, a critical review, a review-study.

  • Stanisław Borawski : A historian of language in three roles. A historiosophical essay concerning notions governing the historiographical narrative in Polish linguistics after 1945
    In the three-phase academic process, the narrative perspective changes along with a change in the relation between the subject of cognition and the object of observation and analyses. Hence, the researcher-author’s self-awareness is extremely important. When shaping the social knowledge about the history of the Polish language, it is necessary to present the richness of information such that facts, events and processes receive an internal order and that difficult matters seem clear and orderly. In its essayistic form, this paper presents a developmentrelated consequence of the successive generations of researchers of the history of the Polish language by exposing a sharp line of deriving the notions which govern the documentation from inherited notions.
  • Piotr Wierzchoń : On some problems of Polish linguochronologisation
    This paper discusses some issues in Polish linguochronologisation. The analysis is made of selected models of lexical derivation produced in the second half of the 20th century and in the early 21st century. The main features of these models include the use of lexicographic material, an empirical base of approximately 3000–5000 units (primarily derivatives), and an analysis of derivation categories – prefixal or suffixal. A detailed lexicological explication was not performed for every analysed unit in these models (as this would not be feasible for such a volume of material). It is argued in the paper that the main problem affecting Polish linguochronologisation is that of insufficient material, in particular relating to 20th-century vocabulary. In spite of the desires expressed by many researchers as regards the excerption of such vocabulary, it is only the development of scanning technology and computer excerption that has made these demands achievable. Solutions to many problems of excerption and chronologisation are provided by the monograph Fotodokumentacja. Chronologizacja. Emendacja. Teoria i praktyka weryfikacji materiału leksykalnego w badaniach lingwistycznych [Photodocumentation. Chronologisation. Emendation. The theory and practice of verification of lexical material in linguistic research] (Wierzchoń 2008). This work has generally been received positively, although occasional dissenting opinions have also been expressed. One of the purposes of the present paper is to respond to these critical views.
  • Agnieszka Piela : Fate of phraseological units related to the art of horse-riding

    The primary aim of this paper is to determine general rules governing the selection of phraseological material. The analysis of idioms related to the art of horse-riding provided the bases to make a statement that units with obsolete archaic and historical lexis are becoming established in Polish. The status of permanence is also enjoyed by those idioms which have lost cultural motivation and have become prone to reinterpretation.

    The majority of phraseological units concerned with horse-riding have been forgotten because the surrounding reality has changed. However, explaining the loss of phraseological units with changes in the reality only is insufficient. A significant role has been also played by other factors: the loss of metaphorical senses by lexical components of the units or the strong phraseological synonymy/variance. Apart from that, the fate of some phraseological units was sealed by an accident.

  • Anetta Luto-Kamińska : On the problem of reconstructing the nominative form of nouns in such expressions as nie mieć równia

    This paper presents the manner of reconstructing the nominative form of nouns used in such established expressions as nie mieć równia in dictionaries of Polish. The analysis included entries from dictionaries recording units of language at various stages of its historical evolution, from dictionaries of historical Polish, to the 19th- and 20th-century dictionaries, to the most recent ones. The N sg form was reconstructed there in the three following manners: rówień (sb m), równie (sb n) and równia (sb f). It turns out that only the texts originating from the period when an additional characteristic differentiating vowels was their quality provide convincing arguments on the noun paradigm to which the form G sg rowniå belongs. The close vowel in the grammatical ending of the case was characteristic exclusively of a certain group of neuter gender nouns, so the nominative noun should be równie. Additionally, Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku (Dictionary of the 16th-century Polish) recorded a form that is homonymic to the nominative form A sg rownie and the noun nierownie together with declension forms certifying the word’s grammatical gender.

    Upon the disappearance of close vowels, the genitive ending was deprived of clarity and therefore the form równia has become homonymic to masculine and neuter nouns. This probably contributed to reconstructing the nominative noun in the form of the masculine noun równień, and hence to shifting the lexeme to a different grammatical class of nouns.

OLD AND CONTEMPORARY DICTIONARIES

  • Mariola Jakubowicz : Wiesław Boryś, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (Etymological dictionary of Polish), Krakow 2005

REPORTS, NOTICES, POLEMICS

  • Eliza Czerwińska : A report on the 1st Congress of Official Language, Warsaw 30–31 Oct 2012

REVIEWS

  • Bogusław Nowowiejski : Halina Karaś, Polska leksykografia gwarowa (Polish dialect lexicography), Warsaw 2011
  • Joanna Okoniowa : Halina Karaś, Polska leksykografia gwarowa (Polish dialect lexicography), Warsaw 2011

EXPLANATIONS OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

WORDS AND PHRASES

  • Stanisław Dubisz : Archiwum, archiwizacja, archiwizować (an archive, archiving, to archive)