PORADNIK JĘZYKOWY

ISSUE 9 / 2015

ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS

  • Krystyna Waszakowa : Morphological phenomena in language use (on the example of composites with segments bio- and eko- in Polish)

    The author focuses on demonstrating the issues: how grasping the world mentally by a human being is reflected in structures of morphological derivatives used in a given statement, what their function in linguistic communication is. The overview of derivatives with the segment bio- (bio-) and eko- (eco-) from the perspective of a linguistic usage provides information about linguistic methods in which the cognising mind captures the reality (situation) which has not been named before, as it has been non-existent, not identified in terms of cognition (e.g. bioatak (a bioattack) ‘a terrorist attack with the use of biological warfare’), and also (less frequently) – one which has been known, yet is interpreted in a new manner, e.g. biopiractwo (biopiracy) ‘a practice in which groups appropriate the knowledge of the countries of the Third World regarding medicinal and cultivated plants

    ’.

    After looking closely at the contextual establishment of the morphological structures, the author indicates contextually specified semantic profiles characteristic of this group of composites. In further parts of the discussion, she presents how the tension between the sender and the recipient is shaped in a linguistic usage and briefly characterises functions of derivatives with bioand eko- in selected types of media message.

  • Anna Tereszkiewicz : Complaint on Twitter (manners of expressing complaints by customers of telecommunication companies)
    This paper is dedicated to statements expressing complaint, which are published on Twitter, a microblogging website. The research material covers interaction between customers and service providers of telecommunication companies. The aim of the analysis is to determine the impact of the communication channel on the structure and content of the expressed complaints and to examine linguistic properties of complaints. The research serves also the purpose of identifying intentions of the users expressing their complaints and the degree of effectiveness of the complaints expresses on the social networking website. Taking up the analysis of the abovementioned problem is caused by increased frequency of using Twitter by enterprises and customers. The analysis enabled identification of the most common components of the statements expressing complaint and the most popular linguistic devices aimed at expressing dissatisfaction.
  • Renata Bizior : Tryptich micro-sermons – from a genre hybrid to an anti-genre

    This paper contains a discussion of contemporary sermons by Rev. Kacper Radzki and Rev. Eugeniusz Burzyk, which – against other representative pieces of the genre – stand out for their micro-text form and composition based on the triptych convention, and hence the name used in the study – triptych micro-sermons. When describing the identified variant of the sermon, the author uses methods of linguistic genology. Texts representing the variant, falling into the stream of seeking a new model of sermon, break with the genre model and take up polemics with the genre tradition. The object of this study is reorganisation of the genre, which serves making it more up-to-date, strategies leading to that, and establishment of a separate genre variant. This study presents micro-sermons against contextual considerations: cultural and communication transformations determined by the development of digital technologies and crisis of sermon as the most commonly criticised genre these days.

    Research shows that the discussed variant is underlain by reorganization of the structural layer, selection of the micro-text form and the convention of triptych, the origin of which is sacral, as a composition pattern. The two categories condition organisation of other aspect of the text. What is also significant for shaping new sermons is the strategy of genre and discourse hybridisation, which is becoming another carrier of meaning. The multifaceted nature of hybridization results in the formation of an anti-genre, which is represented by one group of the analysed micro-sermons.

  • Edward Łuczyński : How to determine the level of grammaticality of a statement?
    The point of departure for the analyses presented in this paper is the conviction that there is no good method of determining the grammatical level of a text in Polish. The number of errors in any statement is only seemingly a proper indicator of grammaticality. This is because grammatical errors occur very rarely in typical Polish texts and moreover can be casual mistakes or their nature is questionable. The author of the paper suggests developing a method in which the main indicator of the level of grammaticality of any text is the number of grammatical units being a part of the grammatical level of the system. What appears to be particularly useful in this method in the case of Polish is other than basic inflectional forms and close syntactic connections (based on accommodation).
  • Marian Bugajski : Culture of language on the Internet

    Both the practice of language communication and media research prove that the Internet is becoming the most significant means of communicating information and one of the most important sources of knowledge. This applies also to the knowledge of language and culture of language, which is generally, including in the view of researchers, considered unsatisfactory. This state of affairs encourages an overview of Internet resources aimed at answering the question what can be learnt from them about culture of language and its central concepts: the standard and the error.

    The results of the research are not optimistic. The online materials positioned among the top three contain numerous both substantive and linguistic errors (which is pointed to by Internet users themselves); mental chaos and ineptness in formulating judgments is noticeable there. Their authors have no control over the text, which is often inconsistent and does not meet the requirements of logic; there are no references to the literature used and therefore some of the discussed texts can be considered plagiarisms.

  • Magdalena Steciąg : Populising the knowledge of language on Natemat.pl portal
    The shape and effectiveness of linguistic popularisation in Poland has recently become an object of interest to many linguists. The paper presents the currently emerging distribution model of the knowledge of the Polish language in the post-modern communication space of the Internet. The research material has been derived from Natemat.pl, a portal serving general information purposes, where many texts touching upon the issues of language are published. Its genologicallyinclined analysis, which allows for socio-communicational considerations of the statement, leads to the conclusion that the model is populising rather than popularising in nature. The proposed differentiation permits a more precise characterisation of forms of disseminating knowledge about Polish. It is also diagnosed that it will spread and therefore requires observation by linguists.
  • Aleksandra Urzędowska : Linguistic correctness on the Internet (on the example of Facebook fan pages)
    The paper takes up the issues of linguistic correctness among Internet users. It is presented on examples derived from two Facebook pages (“Słownik polsko@polski” (“Polish@Polish Dictionary”) and “Poprawna polszczyzna” (“Correct Polish”)), the nature of which is similar to linguistic advisory services (e.g. ones operating at the University of Zielona Góra, the University of Lodz, Institute of Polish Studies at the University of Silesia in Katowice). Comments of fans on the indicated pages were subject to analysis, which proved high interest in the issues of linguistic correctness among a number of Internet users, engagement in writing comments, taking part in language games.

POLISH GRAMMAR

  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba : Początki nauk dla narodowej młodzieży... (Beginnings of studies for the national youth...) by Walenty Szylarski – the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish

REVIEWS

  • Hanna Makurat : Justyna Pomierska, Przysłowia kaszubskie. Studium z paremiografi i i paremiologii (Kashubian proverbs. A study of paremiography and paremiology), Gdańsk 2013
  • Marta Piasecka : Halina Wiśniewska, Milczenie i pisanie małopolskich pań w wiekach XVI–XVIII (Lesser Polish ladies being silent and writing in the 16th–18th centuries), Lublin 2013
  • Anna Wajda : Małgorzata Marcjanik (ed.), Jak zwracają się do siebie Europejczycy (How Europeans address each other), Warsaw 2013

EXPLANATIONS OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

WORDS AND PHRASES