PORADNIK JĘZYKOWY

ISSUE 2 / 2014

ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS

  • Bronisława Ligara : Semantics of a term from the comparative perspective: a concept, a notion or the signified?

    This paper touches upon the issue of describing the semantic content of a term from the perspective of glottodidactics and comparison. Depending on the adopted semantic theory, the semantic content of a term is captured by means of various defining notions: a notion, a concept and, additionally, the signified.

    It is postulated in this paper that a concept, which constitutes the cognitive meaning of a term and which is a carrier of specialised knowledge (comprised by a given field), be adopted for describing the semantic content of terms in terminology glottodidactics and in interlinguistic comparative studies for translation purposes. Contrastive analysis of semantics of terms belonging to two national languages, which is indispensable in teaching specialised translation, requires the application of tertium comparationis – a semantic comparison metalanguage, which is independent of the linguistic side of the confronted terms. It can be composed by concepts as they are not assigned to specific languages, which allows the avoidance of ethnocentrism. It is not notions then, but concepts as cognitive meanings of terms, which are external towards particular languages, that ought to constitute the basis for interlinguistic comparison in a contrastive analysis of terms in two languages.

  • Anna Seretny : Standardisation of lexical requirements in Polish glottodidactics – familiarity with vocabulary as a parameter of language profi ciency assessment

    Receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge is an important factor determining learners’ proficiency since natural and effective communication depends both on richness of lexical means of and their contextual adequacy. Research shows that learners’ educational performance can be much enhanced when vocabulary issue is properly addressed that is when they know which words they should learn first (the quantitative aspect) and how well they should master them (the qualitative aspect). The lack of vocabulary metrics on the other hand makes language teaching process less targeted and therefore less effective.

    The proper vocabulary measures however, are particularly important in case of high stake exams therefore in this article the recommendations of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages [2003] and their implementation in the Requirement Standards for the State Examination in Polish [2003, 2009] are subject to a multifaceted analysis. Its purpose is to determine whether the requirements regarding lexis in the Polish document are specific enough and if they are not – to propose some feasible solutions.

  • Marta Guillermo-Sajdak : The Spanish language – the Argentine language – the Polish language. Characteristics of the Polish-Argentine sociolect
    This paper is a result of field research conducted in the period 2009-2011 in Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba and Misiones. It characterises the Argentine variety of the Spanish language, which is the main component of interference in the sociolect of the Polish community in Argentina. Linguistic phenomena such as yeísmo, seso, voseo, loísmo and lunfardo are taken into consideration. The Polish-Argentine sociolect used by representatives of four generations of the Polish community in Argentina are presented on such grounds.
  • Tereza Ondruszová : Language in the religious life in Zaolzie
    The Zaolzie area, that is the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia, is characterised by a certain biculturalism and bilingualism. Czechs and Poles have been living here side by side for ages; the Czech and Polish languages and the local dialect have been used here for centuries. With the use of a questionnaire survey conducted among the faithful, priests and pastors of the Roman Catholic Church and the Silesian Evangelical Church of Augsburg Confession, I made an attempt at examining the extent and the role of the mentioned languages and the dialect in the everyday as well as spiritual and religious life of Zaolzie inhabitants. Many perceive an (emotional) difference between using one’s mother tongue and a second language when praying or participating in a service. In spite of that, it is observable that bilingual persons are willing to adjust to the priest/pastor in terms of language but also to the official language of the country in which they reside.
  • Małgorzata B. Majewska, Wiesław Morawski : English borrowings in Słownik wileński (the Vilnius Dictionary)
    This paper makes an attempt to analyse English borrowings in Słownik wileński (the Vilnius Dictionary). Elements of a lexicographic description are presented. Inconsistencies are determined. Quantitative and qualitative analyses are conducted.
  • Marcin Jakubczyk : The Polish language in grazhdanka in the dictionary by tsarina Catherine II
    This paper presents the Polish 18th-century vocabulary written with grazhdanka and included in the first edition of Catherine the Great’s dictionary titled Cpaвниmeльныe Cлoвapи вcѣxъ языкoвъ и нapѣчій… – Linguarum totius orbis vocabularia comparativa… (1787–1789). The dictionary is the first known attempt to record the Polish language with the grazhdanka alphabet. It is also another multilingual lexicographic work that accounts for Polish, which has not been indicated in bibliographies, compilations and studies in the history of Polish lexicography to date. The 18th-century grazhdan records of the Polish language are analysed in two major aspects: graphical and phonetic as well as lexical and semantic ones (including interpretation of selected translations from Russian into Polish with the use of the “translator’s traces” method proposed here). All Polish words written in the dictionary by Catherine II with grazhdanka are included in the annex.

OLD AND CONTEMPORARY DICTIONARIES

  • Marcin Będkowski : Grzegorz Knapiusz, Thesaurus polono-latino-graecus, Kraków 1621

REVIEWS

  • Alicja Nowakowska : Anna Bochnakowa (ed.), Wyrazy francuskiego pochodzenia we współczesnym języku polskim (Words of French origin in the contemporary Polish language), Kraków 2012
  • Elżbieta Janus : Ryszard Lipczuk, Magdalena Lisiecka-Czop, Anna Sułkowska (eds), Frazeologizmy w słownikach niemiecko-polskich i polsko-niemieckich na przykładzie „Pons. Duży Słownik” i „Langenscheidt Słownik Partner” (Phraseologisms in German-Polish and Polish-German dictionaries on the example of “Pons. Great Dictionary” and “Langenscheidt. Partner Dictionary”), Szczecin 2012

EXPLANATIONS OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

WORDS AND PHRASES